नेपालकाे आर्थिक स्वतन्त्रता सुधाराेन्मुख, पाँचस्थान माथि उक्लियाे मङ्गलबार, ०९ असोज २०७५

https://www.heritage.org/index/country/nepal

• विश्व परिवेशमा नेपालको आर्थिक स्वतन्त्रताको अवस्थामा सुधार आएको देखिएको छ। विश्वका स्वतन्त्र नीति प्रतिष्ठानहरुको छाता संगठन इकोनोमिक फ्रिडम नेटवर्कले सार्वजनिक गरेको विश्व आर्थिक स्वतन्त्रता प्रतिवेदन २०१८ अनुसार नेपाल गतवर्षभन्दा ५ स्थानमाथि उक्लिएको छ।
• १६२ राष्ट्रहरु समेटेर गरिएको अध्ययनमा नेपाल १०२ औ स्थानमा पुगेको हो।  यसअघि १५९ देशमा नेपाल १०७औ स्थानमा थियो। नेपालले यस वर्ष १० पूर्णांकमा ६.५३ अंक पाएको छ। १ देखि १० सम्मको क्रममा अधिकतम अंकको अर्थ अधिकतम आर्थिक स्वतन्त्रता हुन्छ।
• अध्यनमा प्रत्येक मुलुकको ५ मुख्य पक्षमा विश्लेषणा गरिएको थियो। तीमध्ये नेपालको सरकारको आकार शिर्षकमा गत वर्षको अंक ८.१ बाट झरेर यस वर्ष ७.९ पाएको छ भने न्याय व्यवस्था तथा सम्पति माथिको अधिकारको सुरक्षामा यस वर्ष ४.६ अंक पाएको छ जुन गत वर्ष ४.५ थियो। त्यस्तै स्वस्थ मुद्रा माथिको पहुँचमा ६.४, अन्तराष्ट्रिय व्यापार गर्ने स्वतन्त्रतामा ६.६ र कर्जा, श्रम र व्यवसायमा नियमनको व्यवस्थामा  यस वर्ष ७.१ अंक पाएको छ। गत वर्ष यो अंक ६.७, थियो।
• प्रतिवेदनअनुसार विश्वभरमा उच्चदरको आर्थिक स्वन्तन्त्रता कायम गरेका तीन उत्कृष्ट राष्ट्रमा क्रमश हंगकंग, सिंगापुर र न्युजिल्यान्ड छन्। त्यसपछि स्विजरल्याण्ड, आयरल्याण्ड, संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका, जर्जिया, मरिसियस, संयुक्त अधिराज्य, अष्ट्रेलिया र क्यानडा छन्।  रिपोर्टमा जर्मनी २०औं, जापान४१औ, फ्रान्स ५७औं, रसिया ८७औं, भारत ९६औं र चीन १०८औं स्थानमा छन्।
• प्रतिवेदन अनुसार सबैभन्दा कमजोरमा सुडान, गिनी–बिसाउ, अंगोला, सेन्ट्रल अफ्रिकि रिपब्लिक, रिपब्लिक अफ कंगो, सिरिया, अल्जेरिया, अर्जेन्टिना, लिब्या र भेनेजुएला अन्तिम १० स्थानमा छन्। समृद्धि फाउण्डेशनले क्यानाडाको फ्रेजर इन्स्टिच्युटसँगकाे सहप्रकाशनमा आज सार्वजनिक गरेको विवरणमा उत्तर कोरिया र क्युबाको तथ्याङक समावेश छैन।

• The Index of Economic Freedom is an annual index and ranking created in 1995 by The Heritage Foundation and The Wall Street Journal to measure the degree of economic freedom in the world's nations.
• Six economies earned the Index’s designation of “free” (scores of 80 or above), while the next 90 are classified as “mostly free” (70-79.9) or “moderately free” (60-69.9).
• Yet the number of economically “unfree” economies remains high: 63 are considered “mostly unfree” (50-59.9) and 21 are “repressed” (scores below 50).

The Most Free

• 1. Hong Kong

  2. Singapore

  3. New Zealand

  4. Switzerland

  5. Australia

  6. Ireland

  7. Estonia

  8. United Kingdom

  9. Canada

  10. United Arab Emirates

  
  

  The Least Free

  180. North Korea

  179. Venezuela

  178. Cuba

  177. Rep. of Congo

  176. Eritrea

  175. Equatorial Guinea

  174. Zimbabwe

  173. Bolivia

  172. Algeria

  171. Djibouti

• Nepal

  
  

  
  
  • Previous: #132 Zambia
  • Next: #134 Mauritania
  overall score54.1

  world rank133

  

  

  
  

  
  

  

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  RULE OF LAW

  Property Rights37.5

  Government Integrity24.6

  Judicial Effectiveness36.2

  GOVERNMENT SIZE

  Government Spending87.6

  Tax Burden84.2

  Fiscal Health98.5

  REGULATORY EFFICIENCY

  Business Freedom64.6

  Labor Freedom43.5

  Monetary Freedom65.8

  OPEN MARKETS

  Trade Freedom66.6

  Investment Freedom10.0

  Financial Freedom30.0

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  See how Nepal compares to another country using any of the measures in the Index.

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  QUICK FACTS

  • Population:
    • 28.9 million
  • GDP (PPP):
    • $71.5 billion
    • 3.4% growth
    • 3.6% 5-year compound annual growth
    • $2,479 per capita
  • Unemployment:
    • 3.2%
  • Inflation (CPI):
    • 9.9%
  • FDI Inflow:
    • $105.9 million

  Embed This Data

  Nepal’s economic freedom score is 54.1, making its economy the 133rd freest in the 2018 Index. Its overall score has decreased by 1.0 point, with improvements in judicial effectiveness and property rights outweighed by declines in monetary freedom and labor freedom. Nepal is ranked 32nd among 43 countries in the Asia–Pacific region, and its overall score is below the regional and world averages.

  There is a fundamental lack of entrepreneurial dynamism in landlocked and isolated Nepal that blocks economic growth and long-term development. Although the government signed a trade and investment deal with India to increase Nepal’s hydropower potential, foreign investment has been hampered by political uncertainty, a history of statism, and a difficult business climate. Lack of transparency, cronyism, and a burdensome approval process are other impediments. Property rights are undermined by an inefficient judicial system that is subject to substantial corruption and political influence.

  BACKGROUND

  The mountainous Kingdom of Nepal became a multiparty federal republic in 2008, but political instability has continued. Ethnic Madhesis, who have close ties to India, objected to a 2015 constitution that redrew political boundaries. In June 2017, Sher Bahadur Deuba, president of the Nepali Congress party, became Nepal’s 40th prime minister, replacing Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist-Centre) Chairman Pushpa Kamal Dahal under a 2016 power-sharing deal. Earthquakes devastated large areas of Nepal in 2015, and reconstruction continues. The economy has recovered from a dramatic drop in trade with India that was caused by the 2015 constitution, and a return to average monsoon rains has helped agricultural yields, but Nepal remains among the world’s poorest and least developed countries.

  
  

  RULE OF LAWVIEW METHODOLOGY

  Property Rights37.5Create a Graph using this measurement

  Government Integrity24.6Create a Graph using this measurement

  Judicial Effectiveness36.2Create a Graph using this measurement

  Laws and regulations regarding property registration, ownership, and transfer are unclear. Property disputes account for half of the current backlog in Nepal’s overburdened court system, and it can take years to settle a case. The law provides for an independent judiciary, but courts remain vulnerable to political pressure, bribery, and intimidation. Government officials and police may engage in corrupt practices with impunity.

  
  

  GOVERNMENT SIZEVIEW METHODOLOGY

  Government Spending87.6Create a Graph using this measurement

  Tax Burden84.2Create a Graph using this measurement

  Fiscal Health98.5Create a Graph using this measurement

  The top individual income and corporate tax rates are 25 percent. Other taxes include value-added and property taxes. The overall tax burden equals 18.3 percent of total domestic income. Over the past three years, government spending has amounted to 20.3 percent of total output (GDP), and budget surpluses have averaged 1.2 percent of GDP. Public debt is equivalent to 27.3 percent of GDP.

  
  

  REGULATORY EFFICIENCYVIEW METHODOLOGY

  Business Freedom64.6Create a Graph using this measurement

  Labor Freedom43.5Create a Graph using this measurement

  Monetary Freedom65.8Create a Graph using this measurement

  In 2016, Nepal made new construction more difficult by increasing the cost of obtaining a building permit. It is difficult to dismiss employees, and politicized unions stage frequent strikes. The government continues to subsidize post-earthquake home reconstruction, maintains rent controls, and has introduced new agricultural subsidies.

  
  

  OPEN MARKETSVIEW METHODOLOGY

  Trade Freedom66.6Create a Graph using this measurement

  Investment Freedom10.0Create a Graph using this measurement

  Financial Freedom30.0Create a Graph using this measurement

  Trade is significant for Nepal’s economy; the combined value of exports and imports equals 50 percent of GDP. The average applied tariff rate is 11.7 percent. Nontariff barriers impede some trade. The regulatory system acts as a barrier to foreign investment. Several state-owned enterprises distort the economy. The financial sector remains fragmented, and government ownership and influence in the allocation of credit remain substantial.